Examples as Arduino sketches: one folder per device type, each its own endpointId, Wi-Fi with a timeout

Light, DimmableLight, ColorTemperatureLight, ColorLight, TemperatureSensor, ContactSensor, Blind,
Thermostat, Lock, Scene, Doorbell and MultiDevice on the 2.0 API: addCapability(row, instance), one
onDirective() handler, the report helpers, ChangeReports from loop(), a deferred answer for the lock.
Wi-Fi is waited for 30 s, then the sketch says what to check and carries on.

examples/README.md has what each sketch does, its limits and the measured sizes for d1_mini: Light
takes 30,616 bytes of static RAM and 332,565 of flash; all 17 sketches build with 0 warnings.
test/test_examples compares the discovery object of every new sketch: 147 host tests (were 135).
The sketches were compiled, not run on a board.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>

examples/Lock/Lock.ino

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+// Lock: a door lock whose bolt takes 3 s to move (Alexa.LockController), answered with a deferred response.
+//
+// Lock and Unlock start the bolt and are answered at once with a DeferredResponse that names 5 s. When the bolt
+// has arrived, loop() sends the answer itself, with the correlationToken of the directive, which the sketch has
+// kept. While the bolt moves, another Lock or Unlock is refused with ENDPOINT_BUSY.
+//
+// A switch from BLOCKED_PIN to ground stands for a bolt that cannot move: the answer then reports JAMMED.
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
+#include <Alex2ESP.h>
+
+// Wi-Fi and the credentials of your Alex2MQTT account
+const char *WIFI_SSID = "";
+const char *WIFI_PASSWORD = "";
+
+const char *ALEXA_USERNAME = "";
+const char *ALEXA_PASSWORD = "";
+const char *ALEXA_ROOT_TOPIC = "";
+
+const uint8_t BOLT_PIN = 5;     // D1 on a Wemos D1 mini: high = locked
+const uint8_t BLOCKED_PIN = 14; // D5: low = the bolt is blocked
+const unsigned long BOLT_MS = 3000;
+
+Alex2ESP alexa;
+AlexaDevice *doorLock;
+
+AlexaLockState state = AlexaLockState::LOCKED;
+AlexaLockState goal = AlexaLockState::LOCKED;
+bool moving = false;
+unsigned long movingSince = 0;
+String token; // the correlationToken of the directive that is being carried out
+
+// Joins the Wi-Fi network and returns after 30 s at the latest. Without a connection the sketch carries on: the
+// ESP8266 keeps trying, and alexa.loop() opens the MQTT session once Wi-Fi is up.
+void connectWiFi()
+{
+  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
+  WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD);
+  Serial.printf("\n[WIFI] Connecting to \"%s\"\n", WIFI_SSID);
+
+  unsigned long started = millis();
+  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED && millis() - started < 30000)
+  {
+    delay(100);
+  }
+
+  if (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED)
+  {
+    Serial.printf("[WIFI] Connected, IP address %s\n", WiFi.localIP().toString().c_str());
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    Serial.printf("[WIFI] No connection after 30 s (status %d): check WIFI_SSID and WIFI_PASSWORD. Still trying.\n",
+                  WiFi.status());
+  }
+}
+
+void onDirective(AlexaDirective &directive)
+{
+  if (directive.isReportState())
+  {
+    // While the bolt moves this is the state it left
+    directive.stateReport().addHealthProp(EndpointHealth::OK).addLockControllerProp(state).send();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (!directive.is("Lock") && !directive.is("Unlock"))
+  {
+    directive.error(AlexaErrorType::INVALID_DIRECTIVE, "This lock locks and unlocks").send();
+    return;
+  }
+  if (moving)
+  {
+    directive.error(AlexaErrorType::ENDPOINT_BUSY, "The bolt is moving").send();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  goal = directive.is("Lock") ? AlexaLockState::LOCKED : AlexaLockState::UNLOCKED;
+  token = directive.correlationToken; // a copy: the text of the directive ends with the handler
+  moving = true;
+  movingSince = millis();
+  digitalWrite(BOLT_PIN, goal == AlexaLockState::LOCKED ? HIGH : LOW);
+
+  directive.deferred(5).send();
+}
+
+void setup()
+{
+  Serial.begin(74880);
+  pinMode(BOLT_PIN, OUTPUT);
+  pinMode(BLOCKED_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);
+  digitalWrite(BOLT_PIN, HIGH);
+
+  connectWiFi();
+
+  // MQTT user name, MQTT password, root topic
+  alexa.begin(ALEXA_USERNAME, ALEXA_PASSWORD, ALEXA_ROOT_TOPIC);
+
+  // The name Alexa shows, and the id of the endpoint: every device of an account has its own
+  doorLock = alexa.getDevice("Front Door Lock", "esp-lock");
+  doorLock->setDisplayCategory(DisplayCategory::SMARTLOCK);
+  doorLock->addCapability(AlexaInterfaces::LockController);
+  doorLock->addCapability(AlexaInterfaces::EndpointHealth);
+  doorLock->onDirective(onDirective);
+}
+
+void loop()
+{
+  alexa.loop();
+
+  if (moving && millis() - movingSince >= BOLT_MS)
+  {
+    moving = false;
+    state = digitalRead(BLOCKED_PIN) == LOW ? AlexaLockState::JAMMED : goal;
+    doorLock->response(token).addHealthProp(EndpointHealth::OK).addLockControllerProp(state).sendAsync();
+  }
+}